Đề cương ôn tập cuối kì 1 Toán 7 Cánh diều cấu trúc mới (Tự luận) có đáp án - Phần 1

a) \(\frac{{11}}{{24}} - \frac{5}{{41}} + \frac{{13}}{{24}} + 0,5 - \frac{{36}}{{41}}\)

\( = \left( {\frac{{11}}{{24}} + \frac{{13}}{{24}}} \right) + \left( { - \frac{5}{{41}} - \frac{{36}}{{41}}} \right) + 0,5\)

b) \(16\frac{2}{7}:\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{5}} \right) + 28\frac{2}{7}:\frac{3}{5}\)

\( = 16\frac{2}{7} \cdot \left( {\frac{{ - 5}}{3}} \right) + 28\frac{2}{7} \cdot \frac{5}{3}\)

c) \(5\frac{5}{{27}} + \frac{7}{{23}} + 0,5 - \left| {\frac{{ - 5}}{{27}}} \right| + \frac{{16}}{{23}}\)

\( = 5\frac{5}{{27}} + \frac{7}{{23}} + 0,5 - \frac{5}{{27}} + \frac{{16}}{{23}}\)

\( = \left( {5\frac{5}{{27}} - \frac{5}{{27}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{7}{{23}} + \frac{{16}}{{23}}} \right) + 0,5\)

d) \(\frac{{2\,.\,{6^9} - {2^5}\,.\,{{18}^4}}}{{{2^2}\,.\,{6^8}}}\)

\[ = \frac{{2\,.\,{{\left( {2\,.\,3} \right)}^9} - {2^5}\,.\,{{\left( {2\,.\,{3^2}} \right)}^4}}}{{{2^2}\,.\,{{\left( {2\,.\,3} \right)}^8}}}\]

\[ = \frac{{2\,.\,{2^9}\,.\,{3^9} - {2^5}\,.\,{2^4}\,.\,{3^8}}}{{{2^2}\,.\,{2^8}\,.\,{3^8}}}\]

e) \(\frac{{15}}{{37}} \cdot \left( {\frac{{38}}{{41}} - \frac{{74}}{{45}}} \right) - \frac{{38}}{{41}} \cdot \left( {\frac{{15}}{{37}} + \frac{{82}}{{76}}} \right)\)

\( = \frac{{15}}{{37}} \cdot \frac{{38}}{{41}} - \frac{{15}}{{37}} \cdot \frac{{74}}{{45}} - \frac{{38}}{{41}} \cdot \frac{{15}}{{37}} - \frac{{38}}{{41}} \cdot \frac{{82}}{{76}}\)

\[ = \left( {\frac{{15}}{{37}} \cdot \frac{{38}}{{41}} - \frac{{38}}{{41}} \cdot \frac{{15}}{{37}}} \right) + \left( { - \frac{{15}}{{37}} \cdot \frac{{74}}{{45}} - \frac{{38}}{{41}} \cdot \frac{{82}}{{76}}} \right)\]

\[ = 0 + \left( { - \frac{1}{1} \cdot \frac{2}{3} - \frac{{38}}{{41}} \cdot \frac{{41 \cdot 2}}{{38 \cdot 2}}} \right)\]

f) \(\left( { - \frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{7}} \right):\frac{4}{5} + \left( { - \frac{1}{3} + \frac{4}{7}} \right):\frac{4}{5}\)

\( = \left( { - \frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{7}} \right) \cdot \frac{5}{4} + \left( { - \frac{1}{3} + \frac{4}{7}} \right) \cdot \frac{5}{4}\)

\( = \frac{5}{4} \cdot \left( { - \frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{7} - \frac{1}{3} + \frac{4}{7}} \right)\)

\( = \frac{5}{4} \cdot \left[ {\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{3} + \frac{{ - 1}}{3}} \right) + \left( {\frac{3}{7} + \frac{4}{7}} \right)} \right]\)

g) \(\frac{{15}}{{34}} + \frac{7}{{21}} + \frac{{19}}{{34}} - \frac{{20}}{{15}} + \frac{3}{7}\)

\( = {\rm{\;}}\left( {\frac{{15}}{{34}} + \frac{{19}}{{34}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{1}{3} - \frac{4}{3}} \right) + \frac{3}{7}\)

h) \(\frac{{11}}{{24}} - \frac{5}{{41}} + \frac{{13}}{{24}} + 0,5 - \frac{{36}}{{41}}\)

\( = \left( {\frac{{11}}{{24}} + \frac{{13}}{{24}}} \right) + 0,5 + \left( { - \frac{{36}}{{41}} - \frac{5}{{41}}} \right)\)